Roman Tamil Translation

Politicians are ashamed

In recent times among local politicians and journalists a great career doing the word "Silesia". "Śląsk" according to them, only a typical Polish and rather ugly name, should therefore be replaced by a Euro-sounding "Silesia". Apparently it is necessary for the promotion of the region in the world.


Using this logic, the proponents of Silesia with Peter Uszok and Kazimierz Gorski at the helm, they should at the beginning of the name change, since those which carry the sound very "Euro" and are difficult for foreigners to pronounce. Investors from abroad, and men of local government certainly expect it, go ahead So ... maybe Peter Earsor and Casimir Mountain?

do not know how the original Japanese name is or how it writes, the Japanese kanji. I think most people do not know, but "the promotion of Japan" in the world, certainly this does not suffer. Each country, a larger region or city are after in the various languages \u200b\u200bof their own, familiar names. Krakow is for the British - Cracow, and the Germans - Krakau, the Little Poland Little Poland or Lesser Poland, the Poles Munich Munich is the German, Italian, etc. Milan is Milan.

is obvious that the region or city where they are more significant is certainly dorobią the expressions in many languages. For every (normal) is also clear that it should not provide names of English or German as a force in Poland, because the countries that do not respect these things! Following in the footsteps of silesianistow willing to include to the metropolis that is of a government official appointed Silesia, one could also "to promote" change the name of the Polish Polonia or Poland.


moreover, did not wait for Metropolitan Law, which is probably due to the crisis (lack of money for such luxuries) stuck somewhere in the parliament, presidents of impatient urban conurbations themselves passed at a meeting in March, that henceforth they will no longer Silesia. The formal name he adopted is "Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Silesia Metropolis", but its creators say explicitly that they want a shortcut was used exclusively Metropolitan Silesia. All this, of course, for the sake region and its promotion .


Silesia Silesia
displace the Silesia City Center
momentum in the province. Silesian seen for many years and there is no indication that this fashion was soon to pass. It is going to melee that politicians will seek to officially recognize the name, and while it did not happen, put it where they can back door. Bravely, they are assisted by journalists and businessmen - also the managing of the companies in whose shares have state and local governments. For a long time such as the official site of Katowice Marshal's Office is located at www.silesia-region.pl which is symptomatic of this phenomenon.

President of the mountain range, which is so worried sick about good reception of your city in the world that until he renounces his story, I would recommend this film. It shows how Russians perceive this "Sajlisję" and probably the French or the British did not otherwise. Promotion is so, or maybe the opposite?

Fotos Russian Hussyfan

Silesia region of Cracow in the period of the Four

Below Map showing the province of Cracow at the end of the eighteenth century. This was an interesting time in the Principality Siewierski under the laws of the Sejm was incorporated to the Crown.

As delivered in 1929, the map is accurate, and the scan of good quality and high resolution so you can see that the town (even smaller ones) included in the composition of the principality, and exactly where it ran boundaries. Interesting is also the same region of Cracow that period - some of the names of the towns sounded a bit different, and the area covered, inter alia, Bedzin, Dabrowa, Slavkov, Olkusz, Jaworzno, Chrzanów and of course the return of territory absorbed Ducatus Severiensis .

map also provides extensive information about the size and importance of cities, villages and hamlets. You can see which of them belonged to królewszczyzny, which were the estates of the nobility, and that church, where there were established castellans, county, location of locks, customs houses, mills, courts, schools and many other facilities and institutions.

On the occasion of the entry, as it already is, unfortunately, not made, it is also worth mentioning what the good news in the past year came from Bedzin. The city wants to carry out the reconstruction of his castle, so that it more resembled the original medieval fortress from the times of Casimir the Great. Currently, only preserved the Upper Castle and fragments of walls. After the reconstruction appear to be acting in the defense once the Lower Castle, three new towers, adding a peripheral wall will be built another wall of the western and southern. The work will also include basement renovations and revitalization będzińskich park on Castle Hill. All this under the supervision of architects and historians who have developed this project based, inter alia of archaeological sites and making every effort to ensure that new buildings as faithfully reflect their historical prototypes. All the work associated with the reconstruction of the castle is completed in 2013, and their cost is about 20 million. The idea is really very good and falls only count that is fully implemented.

Gathering Places In Hyderabad

MUSIC TEACHING MATERIALS



Class VII REGIONAL DIVERSITY MUSIC


Nusantara
Regional Music Recognition and Understanding What Makes Music Regional Music
area is music that grows and develops in a region or a particular region. For example, music is the music of East region growing and developing area of \u200b\u200bEast. Likewise, music is the music of Yogyakarta area grow and develop in the area of \u200b\u200bYogyakarta. Thus, music is the music Nusantara grow and develop in areas Nusantara (Indonesia).
In one excerpt from the newspaper said "Indonesia is the richest in the world for this kind of music because it has a 378 daerag roots music. This is a national azet so need to be conserved, some have not even exploitative and should continue to be developed and introduced, "said Chairman of the Department of National Culture Art Appreciation and Development of Information Technology at the United Artist singer, song and Playground Music Maker Recordings Indonesia (PAPPRI, James F. Sundah in Aberdeen, on Monday.
features folk music is as follows.
idea conveyed by the composer of music is not through the form of notation or pertitur writing, but orally. For example, he sang the song his composition before others when patrolling at night. The idea was then memorized the person and is spread from mouth kemulut. Be song It is known by the community area.
local music passed down through the generations from generation to generation orally. Generation Parents teach music composition to the area's youth. They are taught how to sing or play music to their children verbally. These children will also forward it to their children anank.
song lyric, melody and rhythm of the strains showed typical cirri regionalism. For example, a song from Java, Java language and the rhythm of his verse melody using the notes of scales and Selendro pelog. Likewise, songs from the Jakarta area, Betawi language and the rhythm of his verse melody is generally from diatonic scales. Music
area involving musical instruments area. Generally, folk songs in Indonesia accompanied by musical instruments typical of these areas. For example, Javanese folk songs are generally accompanied by the typical musical instrument Java, the gamelan. Similarly, folk songs of North Sulawesi is generally accompanied by musical instruments typical of North Sulawesi, namely kolintang.
musical instruments are regions in Indonesia, among others Sasando from NTT, Tifa from Maluku and Papua, gamelan from West Java and gondang of Tapanuli. Each musical instrument has a different cirri, both of how jmemainkannya maupu sound it produces.
II. Variety, Music History and Function Area Local Music Variety

Indonesia is one of a wealthy country. Not only the earth in abundance, but also culturally diverse society. Each music area has a clear distinction, in terms of tool use, melodic songs, as well as function. That's why music-music that developed in each region has its own characteristics and berbedaantara one another. For example, in West Java, we know the music Genjring in Subang, Cirebon Tarling in da Tentreng in Sumedang.
In terms of songs, some authors classify folk songs in Indonesia for the two groups, namely as follows;
a) The songs area very close to the people. Features, music composition is simple and easy to digest. This song is also called folk song. This song is growing and growing and are known by almost all public areas. Generally, these songs are not known to its creator (Anonymous) and the themes that were raised about the activities of daily living community.
b) The songs created by composers in the area or local artists or songs called klasik.Ciri-system, complex musical compositions and materials, such as the use of notation, presentation style, rhythm, melody or style specific. The songs are generally developed in the centers of government, like the royal palace or in the cultural centers. Local Music History


in many places, the music was born and developed from day-to-day activities of the society. For example:
- gamelan music of West Java. Again, this instrument is used as a traditional percussion instrument and night patrol at the time of the harvest festival or marriage
- music gondang of Tapanuli, commonly used in public ceremonies Batak
- music dimples (kotekan) in several regions in Indonesia, which is usually played at the pound rice
- gamelan music from Java and Bali. In Javanese gamelan music at first only used in royal ceremonies in the palace. Meanwhile, in Bali, this music is only used in Hindu ceremonies, such as the human life cycle ceremonies.
- Music gong from Bali's leisure. This tradition of sacred music in nature and are generally used to accompany the ceremonies of death (Ngaben)
- Music Sasando gong from Rote. This traditional musical instrument made of palm leaves are numerous in this area Rote. The music is usually used as an entertainment, a dance and rituals of society Rote
- Music coral dodou of land area during the barito northern, central Kalimantan. Dodou rock music is a kind of ritual music that can be witnessed at the time certain ceremonies, such as bathing the baby or give the show the baby's name (nokapati ceremony).
In its development, the music is constantly enhanced and enriched. With the creation of Indonesian artists, this music finds its modern form. Gamelan music, for example, was developed so that it becomes an important asset in tourism in Bali. Similarly Angklung music from West Java. The music is enhanced so that it can play a variety of songs from within and from abroad. The same is done for music kolintang enhanced by dividing the three instruments or tools. All three instruments have different functions, ie, instrument playing a melody, accompaniment (rhythm), and bass. Local Music

Each function has different music from each other. Functions in accordance with the wishes of the creator or the community owner. The music is scattered in various areas, seen from the function can be grouped into several functions.
1) As a medium of expression
For the artists, art is a media that can be used to reveal expression in him. Through their music to actualize her potential. Through music, they mnegungkapkan feelings, thoughts, ideas and ideals about the self, society, God, and his world. Thus well as local artists. They witnessed the conditions and expectations themselves and their society and memformulasikannya in the form of songs and play musical instruments. From their hands inilan born musical works that later can be enjoyed by society.
2) As
entertainment media music in various regions is also a means of entertainment for the people. Music is seen as a way to eliminate saturation due to daily routines as well as suggestions for recreation and a meeting with other residents. Generally people are very enthusiastic about watching various pargelaran music. They flock to the village hall or venue to watch even if the show is played by their own citizens.
3) As a media ceremony
Music in many parts of Indonesia is closely related to the ceremonies of indigenous communities, such as funeral ceremonies, marriage, or birth. In some areas, the sounds produced by a particular instrument or tool is believed to have magical powers. Therefore, such instruments are used as a means of indigenous communities. For example, angklung music in West Java community that is usually used in ceremonies or rites seren Taun rice harvest and the music of gongs and drums in the area Manggarai (Flores) that is usually used to expel the devil who hides one of its citizens.
4) As a dance accompanist
In various parts of Indonesia, the sounds or music that created a lot used to accompany dances area. Therefore, most regional dances. Therefore, most of the dance area in Indonesia can only be accompanied by its own country music. For example:
- the Balinese Kecak dance can only be accompanied by the strains of the distinctive sound of Bali
- Saman dance from Aceh can only be accompanied by the strains of the distinctive sound of Aceh
- Kancet Pepatay dance of Dayak tribe in Kalimantan, along with the song "Sak Paku "and just use the instrument till. Introduction

Local Music People Archipelago and Work Process
Every region in Indonesia must have a musical figures. These are a significant figure in the birth and development of their areas of music. Through his role, These leaders can maintain its tradition of music elements such as rhythm patterns and rhythm of the melody. They can develop it degan various creations that remain biased accepted by later generations.
Here are some figures in Indonesian traditional music:
- Daeng Sutigna and Imam Sukayat from West Java. Both figures are successfully developed angklung music from the original using the pentatonic scales diatonic scales. Thus, this instrument can play different types of music and is known throughout Indonesia.
- KH Dewantara and Ki Nartosabdo of Javanese gamelan music to successfully develop and wandali sariswara system.
- Macarius of Manggarai, NTT, which through creation managed to lift a variety of folk songs in cassette. He also produced many memorable songs that keep people up to now.
- Nahum Situmorang and S. Dis from Tqapanuli famous with his work, such as "Dago Host Sarge" and "Butet".
- Djoko S.dari Jakarta with many of his works, such as, "ondel-ondel".
- Uddin, a local artist and songwriter, is now struggling folk songs launch a screen. He even has recorded the songs onto one master tape.
- Peter kaseke of Minahasa berhasisl make kolintang with two half-octave diatonic tones. Work Process

Regional Music In the tradition of folk music, musical works are generally produced by a group of people although there are also works produced by an individual. A group of people is generally a group of local music or orchestral music. They work together to aimlessly a work of music.
Generally, the ideas of music from composers not submitted via a written form of notation or score, but performed oral seccara. Composers convey and teach the ideas of his music to a musician or singer. The music player or singer and then will memorize it and thanks to exercise, the idea of \u200b\u200bthis music can then be performed properly.
In general, composers of this region can play various musical instruments. He can play an instrument music from the simple to the more complicated. Thus, he can easily teach the ideas of his music to a musician or singer. Arrangements-music arrangements that have been created by composer-composer of this region then passed on to subsequent generations through the ways as above. The seniors will teach it to their juniors, so the next so that the music area is still known by members of the community.

Songs and Musical Instruments Archipelago Region
Song Song
regions in Indonesia very much. Each region or ethnicity in Indonesia almost certainly have the songs themselves are different from each other. As an illustration, here are a few folk songs that exist in Indonesia.
Judul Lagu
Daerah
Bungong Jeumpa
Nanggroe Aceh Darrussalam
Butet
Sumatera Utara
Ayam den Lapeh
Sumatera Barat
Lancang Kuning
Riau
Dek Sangke
Sumatera Selatan
Jali-Jali
Jakarta
Bubuy Bulan
Jawa Barat
Suwe Ora Jamu
Jawa Tengah
Cik-cik Periok
Kalimnatan Barat
Ampar-ampar Pisang
Kalimantan Selatan
O ina ni keke
Sulawesi Utara
Anging Mamiri
Sulawesi Selatan
O ulate
Maluku
Somba
Nusa Tenggara Timur
Yamko Rambe Yamko
Papua
Tanduk Majeng
Madura

Contoh perkembangan lagu daerah di Indonesia:
Grup Krakatau band ever to prove that folk music is also a music berkualitas.Tiga senior musicians gathered in a tiny stage in fX Music, Jakarta. At that session, Trie Utami was asked as a vocalist, Viky Sianipar hobo playing the flute, and keyboardist Purwacaraka fill the position. Then a voice mengalunlah Iie, Trie Utami familiar greeting, singing songs in the tempo was Bald Pacul: Gudul hoe cul-shaven, gembelengan Nyunggi nyunggi place is made up kul, Bakul gembelengan ngglimpang segane dadi sak traditional ratan.Tembang Central Java this is not something foreign to the ear . Another case has been arranged so the song repeated by all three, to be more fresh and nuanced kontemporer.Dan true, not only that song would dipermak re.


Musical Instruments or Region
Of all the musical instruments that exist, can be distinguished from the level of difficulty playing. Construction materials, and techniques memainkannya.Jika seen from the materials used, musical instruments made of different materials, such as of metal, wood, bamboo, coconut shell, clay, leaf herbs, skin and bone. As if seen from the playing techniques, musical instrument is being played way plucked, struck, tapped, blown, shaken, and swiped.
Here are some of the names of musical instruments found in areas of the archipelago:
Kendang
Kendang Jawa.Kulit contained in the right and left drums of Central Java was bigger than the drum from West Java. Drum consists of several kinds, namely big drums, percussion gising, and drums bem. Drum skin named tebokan. Pereganngnya ropes called the snakes and the rings perengggangnya called enemy.
Some art from Central Java and East Java to use this instrument, such as musicians, ketoprak, puppet prototype and ludruk. Dog-Dog

Is a type of drum shell side contained some areas in the archipelago. The term dog-dog known in the West Java area. As in other areas, this instrument is known by the name gondra (Nias), pumpkin (Roti), and Gondra (Simalungun, North Sumatra).
Gondra known island of Nias is a long-framed with heavy ukura 150-200 cm. Small Gondra called Rafai'i. As in Bengkulu this instrument known as the tabot and West diSumatra Tabuik known. In West Java, dog-dog is played to accompany the art reog (joke). How to play this instrument by using a paddle or the palm of the hand. Tifa

This instrument is a kind of drum, skinned side. Diameter of approximately 15-25 cm, approximately 50-70 cm in length, How to play it with girded. Tifa is played by being beaten to use your bat, sometimes also use the hand. Tifa numerous in Papua, Central Kalimantan, Nias, Maluku.
Kolintang
This instrument is derived from the Minahasa (North Sulawesi). Kolintang consists of 14-21 wooden bar. This tool is played by being hit with a special bat. This instrument consists of the melodic and rhythmic section with diatonic scales. Orker kolintang used to accompany folk songs, pop, keroncong, as well as Western songs. Kolintang a musical instrument that has long existed. This instrument is sejak1948 introduced to the public area outside Minahasa.
talempong
talempong is a kind of boning contained in West Sumatra. This instrument is placed in a row on the wood named talempong duduak This instrument is sometimes played with a carry in his left hand and right hand hit him. This type is called talempong pacik talempong.

flute flute is a musical instrument like a flute on the hole peniupnya given the tools vibrating tongue. This instrument is found in North Sumatra, Kalimantan, and South Sulawesi with puwi name. Another name type of flute and reed jerupai ii is one who yearns. Also in Borneo known klendi and gerdek, namely several bamboo pipes bound together and the stems on an inflatable hollow shell.
Sampek
Sampek is a kind of three-stringed musical instrument played by means examined. This instrument is contained in the Dayak (Borneo). Sampek made with wood carving beautifully decorated. This instrument is used to accompany the local dances.
Rebab
Rebab a musical instrument from Java that is played by swiped, This instrument is made of wood, container echoes (resonance) covered with skin. Dawainya two-stamp and in accordance with or Selendro gamelan scales. Sections
fiddle, among others:
- Kupingan, player wire
- Menur, called the top or head fiddle
- Palemahan, the feet touching the ground
fiddle - Jneng, fiddle neck
- Rangkung, wooden bow fiddle
- Yoga, string fiddle (made from horse tail hair)

D. Inclusion regions
Music is music that grows and develops in a particular area or region. Folk music includes songs such as local and regional musical. General Features folk music is poetry songs, tunes melody, and rhythm showed characteristic zonal, inherited down through the generations orally. In general, the function of music in Indonesia include the functions of society as a means or upaca media culture, entertainment, self expression, communication, and accompaniment tarian.Dengan familiar elements of folk music as it is expected that students, especially the younger generation to enhance a love of folk music.
One of the events that have been carried out to find the stars Nusantara is BMD (Local Music Stars Program) 2008, where the program is intended to increase the interest of the community and young people want to explore the culture of Indonesia for their respective regions, to increase the participation of caring and love our society against traditional songs and music of the archipelago, to preserve the cultural development of the Indonesian nation. Increase love and pride in their own nation's culture, explore the potential and creativity of young people of Indonesia and introduce the work of local musicians and singers reserved for regions can be recognized by the wider community as well as promotion of cultural arts district.

E. Task
think, what is the music area?
think, what is the difference between folk music and modern music? Mention
characteristic local music!
Indicate your area of \u200b\u200bmusic figures together with the role or his works!